Age | Commit message (Expand) | Author |
2019-03-26 | environment: Create /etc/group in containers....Reported by Pierre Neidhardt <mail@ambrevar.xyz>.
* guix/scripts/environment.scm (launch-environment/container): Create
GROUPS and call 'write-group'.
* tests/guix-environment-container.sh: Test it.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-03-26 | environment: Use (gnu build accounts) for /etc/passwd handling....* guix/scripts/environment.scm (launch-environment/container): Remove
call to 'mock-passwd'; instantiate a <password-entry> instead. Call
'write-passwd' to write the pasword database instead of using custom
code.
(mock-passwd): Remove.
* tests/guix-environment-container.sh: Test 'getpwuid'.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-03-25 | accounts: Add default value for the 'home-directory' field of <user-account>....* gnu/system/accounts.scm (<user-account>)[home-directory]: Mark as
thunked and add a default value.
(default-home-directory): New procedure.
* doc/guix.texi (User Accounts): Remove 'home-directory' from example.
* gnu/system/examples/bare-bones.tmpl: Likewise.
* gnu/system/examples/beaglebone-black.tmpl: Likewise.
* gnu/system/examples/desktop.tmpl: Likewise.
* gnu/system/examples/docker-image.tmpl: Likewise.
* gnu/system/examples/lightweight-desktop.tmpl: Likewise.
* gnu/system/install.scm (installation-os): Likewise.
* gnu/tests.scm (%simple-os): Likewise.
* gnu/tests/install.scm (%minimal-os, %minimal-os-on-vda):
(%separate-home-os, %encrypted-root-os, %btrfs-root-os): Likewise.
* tests/accounts.scm ("allocate-passwd")
("allocate-passwd with previous state"): Likewise.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-03-25 | records: Allow thunked fields to refer to 'this-record'....* guix/records.scm (this-record): New syntax parameter.
(make-syntactic-constructor)[wrap-field-value]: When F is thunked,
return a one-argument lambda instead of a thunk, and parameterize
THIS-RECORD.
(define-record-type*)[thunked-field-accessor-definition]: Pass X
to (real-get X).
* tests/records.scm ("define-record-type* & thunked & this-record")
("define-record-type* & thunked & default & this-record")
("define-record-type* & thunked & inherit & this-record"): New tests.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-03-24 | tests: Adjust 'guix pack -f squashfs' test....This is a followup to 427c87d0bdc06cc3ee7fc220fd3ad36084412533.
* tests/pack.scm ("squashfs-image + localstatedir"): Expect "bin" to be
a relative symlink.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-03-24 | tests: Add missing import....This is a followup to 22f95e028f038cee342f455dfc55bd32b804907c.
* tests/scripts.scm: Use (guix tests).
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-03-23 | graph: Add the 'reverse-bag' graph....Suggested by Julien Lepiller.
* guix/scripts/graph.scm (%reverse-bag-node-type): New variable.
(%node-types): Add it.
* tests/graph.scm ("reverse bag DAG"): New test.
* doc/guix.texi (Invoking guix graph): Document it.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-03-17 | guix build: '--with-commit' makes recursive checkouts....This was an omission from commit
024a6bfba906742c136a47b4099f06880f1d3f15.
* guix/scripts/build.scm (transform-package-source-commit): Add
'recursive?' field to SOURCE.
* tests/scripts-build.scm ("options->transformation, with-branch")
("options->transformation, with-commit"): New tests.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-03-17 | guix build: Transformation options match packages by spec....This allows us to combine several transformations on a given package, in
particular '--with-git-url' and '--with-branch'.
Previously transformations would ignore each other since they would all
take (specification->package SOURCE) as their replacement source,
compare it by identity, which doesn't work if a previous transformation
has already changed SOURCE.
* guix/scripts/build.scm (evaluate-replacement-specs): Adjust to produce
an alist as expected by 'package-input-rewriting/spec', with a package
spec as the first element of each pair.
(evaluate-git-replacement-specs): Likewise.
(transform-package-inputs): Adjust accordingly and use
'package-input-rewriting/spec'.
(transform-package-inputs/graft): Likewise.
(transform-package-source-branch, transform-package-source-commit): Use
'package-input-rewriting/spec'.
(transform-package-source-git-url): Likewise, and adjust the
REPLACEMENTS alist accordingly.
(options->transformation): Iterate over OPTS instead of over
%TRANSFORMATIONS. Invoke transformations one by one.
* tests/scripts-build.scm ("options->transformation, with-input"):
Adjust test to compare packages by name rather than by identity.
("options->transformation, with-git-url + with-branch"): New test.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-03-17 | packages: Add 'package-input-rewriting/spec'....* guix/packages.scm (package-input-rewriting/spec): New procedure.
* tests/packages.scm ("package-input-rewriting/spec")
("package-input-rewriting/spec, partial match"): New tests.
* doc/guix.texi (Defining Packages): Document it.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-03-17 | guix build: Add '--with-git-url'....* guix/scripts/build.scm (%not-equal): New variable.
(evaluate-git-replacement-specs): Use it instead of local variable
'not-equal'.
(transform-package-source-git-url): New procedure.
(%transformations): Add 'with-git-url'.
(%transformation-options, show-transformation-options-help): Add
'--with-git-url'.
* tests/scripts-build.scm ("options->transformation, with-git-url"):
New test.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-03-16 | booloader: Add 'invoke/quiet'....* gnu/build/bootloader.scm (G_): New macro.
(open-pipe-with-stderr, invoke/quiet): New procedures.
* tests/build-utils.scm ("invoke/quiet, success")
("invoke/quiet, failure")
("invoke/quiet, failure, message on stderr"): New tests.
* po/guix/POTFILES.in: Add bootloader.scm.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-03-16 | tests: Add 'with-environment-variable'....* tests/scripts.scm (with-environment-variable): Move to...
* guix/tests.scm (with-environment-variable): ... here.
* tests/build-utils.scm ("wrap-program, one input, multiple calls"):
Use it instead of 'setenv'.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-03-15 | pack: "-RR" produces PRoot-enabled relocatable binaries....* gnu/packages/aux-files/run-in-namespace.c (exec_with_proot): New
function.
(main): When 'clone' fails, call 'rm_rf'.
[PROOT_PROGRAM]: When 'clone' fails, call 'exec_with_proot'.
* guix/scripts/pack.scm (wrapped-package): Add #:proot?.
[proot]: New procedure.
[build]: Compile with -DPROOT_PROGRAM when PROOT? is true.
* guix/scripts/pack.scm (%options): Set the 'relocatable?' value to
'proot when "-R" is passed several times.
(guix-pack): Pass #:proot? to 'wrapped-package'.
* tests/guix-pack-relocatable.sh: Use "-RR" on Intel systems that lack
user namespace support.
* doc/guix.texi (Invoking guix pack): Document -RR.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-03-07 | Add (gnu build accounts)....* gnu/build/accounts.scm, tests/accounts.scm: New files.
* Makefile.am (SCM_TESTS): Add tests/accounts.scm.
* gnu/local.mk (GNU_SYSTEM_MODULES): Add build/accounts.scm.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-03-04 | environment: Rename '--inherit' to '--preserve'....Suggested by Eric Bavier and Ricardo Wurmus.
* guix/scripts/environment.scm (show-help, %options): Emit a deprecation
warning for "--inherit" and add -E/--preserve.
* tests/guix-environment.sh: Adjust accordingly.
* doc/guix.texi (Invoking guix environment): Update accordingly.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-03-04 | environment: Remove deprecated -E/--exec option....* guix/scripts/environment.scm (%options): Remove "--exec", which was
deprecated in commit 1de2fe95e017c42aacbaa34f5dab8d48249cc064 in 2015.
* tests/guix-environment.sh: Remove use of '-E'.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-02-16 | packages: Remove duplicates from package cache....Previously the same package could appear several times if several
variables were bound to it, as is notably the case for "python"
currently. This, in turn, would lead to obnoxious "ambiguous package
specification" messages.
* gnu/packages.scm (generate-package-cache)[expand-cache]: Change RESULT
to RESULT+SEEN and adjust accordingly.
Call 'first' on the result of 'fold-module-public-variables*'.
* tests/packages.scm ("fold-available-packages with/without cache"):
Check for lack of duplicates in FROM-CACHE.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-02-16 | environment: Add '--inherit'....* guix/scripts/environment.scm (purify-environment): Add 'white-list'
parameter and honor it.
(create-environment): Add #:white-list parameter and honor it.
(launch-environment): Likewise.
(launch-environment/fork): Likewise.
(show-help, %options): Add '--inherit'.
(guix-environment): Define 'white-list' and pass it to
'launch-environment/fork'.
* tests/guix-environment.sh: Test '--inherit'.
* doc/guix.texi (Invoking guix environment): Document it.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-02-12 | inferior: Add 'inferior-available-packages'....* guix/inferior.scm (inferior-available-packages): New procedure.
* tests/inferior.scm ("inferior-available-packages"): New test.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-02-07 | profiles: Raise an error for unmatched patterns....Previously, "guix package -r something-not-installed" would silently
complete. Now an error is raised.
* guix/profiles.scm (&unmatched-pattern-error): New condition type.
(manifest-matching-entries): Rewrite to raise an error when one of
PATTERNS is not matched.
* guix/ui.scm (call-with-error-handling): Handle 'unmatched-pattern-error?'.
* tests/guix-package.sh: Add test.
* tests/profiles.scm ("manifest-matching-entries"): Don't try to remove
unmatched pattern.
("manifest-matching-entries, no match"): New test.
("manifest-transaction-effects"): Remove 'remove' field.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-02-06 | daemon: Emit a 'build-succeeded' event in check mode....Until now, something like "guix build sed -v1 --check" would not get a
'build-succeeded' event, which in turn meant that the spinner would not
be erased upon build completion.
* nix/libstore/build.cc (DerivationGoal::registerOutputs): When
'buildMode' is bmCheck and 'settings.printBuildTrace' emit a
"@ build-succeeded" trace upon success.
* tests/store.scm ("build-succeeded trace in check mode"): New test.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-02-05 | import: opam: Fix conditions....* guix/import/opam.scm (condition-eq, condition-neq): The first argument
can be empty.
* tests/opam.scm: Add test case.
| Julien Lepiller |
2019-02-05 | status: Keep track of the current build phase....* guix/status.scm (<build>)[phase]: New field.
(%phase-start-rx): New variable.
(update-build): Add clause to match %PHASE-START-RX and adjust the
'phase' field accordingly.
* tests/status.scm ("compute-status, build phase"): Add test
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-02-04 | daemon: Rename 'NIX_STATE_DIR' and 'NIX_DB_DIR' environment variables....Fixes <https://bugs.gnu.org/22459>.
Reported by Jeff Mickey <j@codemac.net>.
* guix/config.scm.in (%state-directory): Change NIX_STATE_DIR to
GUIX_STATE_DIRECTORY.
(%store-database-directory): Change NIX_DB_DIR to
GUIX_DATABASE_DIRECTORY.
* nix/libstore/globals.cc (Settings::processEnvironment): Likewise.
* guix/self.scm (make-config.scm): Likewise.
* build-aux/build-self.scm (make-config.scm): Likewise.
* build-aux/test-env.in: Likewise.
* tests/derivations.scm ("derivation #:leaked-env-vars"): Likewise.
* tests/guix-build.sh (GUIX_DAEMON_SOCKET): Likewise.
* tests/guix-daemon.sh (socket): Likewise.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-29 | status: Keep track of build completion as reported by build tools....* guix/status.scm (<build>)[completion]: New field.
(build): Add #:completion parameter.
(%percentage-line-rx, %fraction-line-rx): New variables.
(update-build): New procedure.
(compute-status): Add 'build-log' case.
* tests/status.scm ("compute-status, build completion"): New test.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-29 | status: Record more information about builds....* guix/status.scm (<build>): New record type.
(build, matching-build): New procedures.
(compute-status): Adjust to manipulate <build> records instead of
derivation file names in 'build-status-builds-completed' and
'build-status-building'.
(build-event-output-port)[process-line]: Use 'string-split' to preserve
spaces.
* tests/status.scm ("compute-status, builds + substitutes")
("compute-status, missing events"): Adjust to expect <build> records.
Produce complete "build-started" events.
("compute-status, multiplexed build output"): Likewise, and remove
"bar.drv" from 'builds-completed'.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-28 | upstream: Temporarily skip failing test....* tests/upstream.scm ("coalesce-sources same version"): Skip.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-25 | packages: Add 'package-closure'....* guix/packages.scm (package-closure): New procedure.
* tests/packages.scm ("package-closure"): New test.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-24 | tests: Remove duplicate field initializers....Fixes a regression introduced in
c2dcff41c2e47f5f978f467864d5ed7829939884, whereby many tests in
'tests/packages.scm' would trigger a syntax error due to duplicate field
intializers in forms like:
(dummy-package "foo" (version "0"))
* guix/tests.scm (dummy-package, dummy-origin): Rewrite to inherit from
a base record. This restores the semantics from before
c2dcff41c2e47f5f978f467864d5ed7829939884.
* tests/services.scm ("instantiate-missing-services, indirect"): Remove
duplicate 'extensions' field.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-22 | records: Detect duplicate field initializers....* guix/records.scm (report-duplicate-field-specifier): New procedure.
(make-syntactic-constructor): Call it.
* tests/records.scm ("define-record-type* & duplicate initializers"):
New test.
Co-authored-by: Mark H Weaver <mhw@netris.org>
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-21 | tests: Adjust for removal of 'device' field in <bootloader-configuration>....This is a followup to commit 5f7467f046c3c1648cdf6eb81b3ec041bfc1f9bb.
* tests/guix-system.sh: For <bootloader-configuration> records, use
'target' rather than 'device'.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-21 | store: Rename '&nix-error' to '&store-error'....* guix/store.scm (&nix-error): Rename to...
(&store-error): ... this, and adjust users.
(&nix-connection-error): Rename to...
(&store-connection-error): ... this, and adjust users.
(&nix-protocol-error): Rename to...
(&store-protocol-error): ... this, adjust users.
(&nix-error, &nix-connection-error, &nix-protocol-error): Define these
condition types and their getters as deprecrated aliases.
* build-aux/run-system-tests.scm, guix/derivations.scm,
guix/grafts.scm, guix/scripts/challenge.scm,
guix/scripts/graph.scm, guix/scripts/lint.scm,
guix/scripts/offload.scm, guix/serialization.scm,
guix/ssh.scm, guix/tests.scm, guix/ui.scm,
tests/derivations.scm, tests/gexp.scm, tests/guix-daemon.sh,
tests/packages.scm, tests/store.scm, doc/guix.texi: Adjust to use the
new names.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-20 | inferior: 'gexp->derivation-in-inferior' honors EXP's load path....Previously the imported modules and extensions of EXP would be missing
from the load path of 'guix repl'.
* guix/inferior.scm (gexp->derivation-in-inferior)[script]: New
variable.
[trampoline]: Write (primitive-load #$script) to PIPE. Add #$output.
* tests/channels.scm ("channel-instances->manifest")[depends?]: Check
for requisites rather than direct references.
Adjust callers accordingly.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-20 | channels: Don't pull from the same channel more than once....Previous 'channel-instance->manifest' would call
'latest-channel-derivation', which could trigger another round of
'latest-repository-commit' for no good reason.
* guix/channels.scm (resolve-dependencies): New procedure.
(channel-instance-derivations)[edges]: New variable.
[instance->derivation]: New procedure.
* tests/channels.scm (make-instance): Use 'checkout->channel-instance'
instead of 'channel-instance'.
("channel-instances->manifest"): New test.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-20 | tests: More adjustments to python.scm split....This is a followup to 44d10b1f722856ab8e9b942804aa7ef33e2ef739.
* tests/lint.scm: Update imports.
| Efraim Flashner |
2019-01-20 | profiles: Allow a profile to be added as an entry of another profile....* guix/build/profiles.scm (build-etc/profile): When 'OUTPUT/etc/profile'
already exists, delete it first.
(build-profile): Likewise for 'OUTPUT/manifest'.
* tests/profiles.scm ("profile in profile"): New test.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-20 | tests: Adjust to python.scm split....This is a followup to 44d10b1f722856ab8e9b942804aa7ef33e2ef739.
* tests/profiles.scm ("package->manifest-entry, search paths"): Adjust
module name for PYTHON2-MATPLOTLIB.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-18 | serialization: 'restore-file' errors out upon non-convertible file names....Fixes <https://bugs.gnu.org/33603>.
Reported by Maxim Cournoyer <maxim.cournoyer@gmail.com>.
* guix/serialization.scm (port-conversion-strategy): New variable.
(restore-file): Parameterize it.
* tests/nar.scm ("restore-file with non-UTF8 locale"): New test.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-15 | guix package: '--list-available' can use data from the cache....* gnu/packages.scm (fold-available-packages): New procedure.
* guix/scripts/package.scm (process-query): Use it instead of
'fold-packages'.
* tests/packages.scm ("fold-available-packages with/without cache"):
New test.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-15 | edit: Use 'specification->location' to read information from the cache....That way 'guix edit' doesn't need to load any package module.
* gnu/packages.scm (find-package-locations, specification->location):
New procedures.
* guix/scripts/edit.scm (package->location-specification): Rename to...
(location->location-specification): ... this. Expect a location object
instead of a package.
(guix-edit): Use 'specification->location' instead of
'specification->package'.
* tests/packages.scm ("find-package-locations")
("find-package-locations with cache")
("specification->location"): New tests.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-15 | channels: Compute a package cache and use it....* gnu/packages.scm (cache-is-authoritative?, load-package-cache)
(cache-lookup, generate-package-cache): New procedures.
(%package-cache-file): New variable.
(find-packages-by-name): Rename to...
(find-packages-by-name/direct): ... this.
(find-packages-by-name): Rewrite to use the package cache when
'cache-is-authoritative?' returns true.
* tests/packages.scm ("find-packages-by-name + version, with cache")
("find-packages-by-name with cache"): New tests.
* guix/channels.scm (package-cache-file): New procedure.
(%channel-profile-hooks): New variable.
(channel-instances->derivation): Use it in #:hooks.
* guix/scripts/package.scm (build-and-use-profile): Add #:hooks and
honor it.
* guix/scripts/pull.scm (build-and-install): Pass #:hooks to
UPDATE-PROFILE.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-15 | guix package: Avoid 'find-newest-available-packages'....* guix/scripts/package.scm (transaction-upgrade-entry): Use
'find-best-packages-by-name' instead of
'find-newest-available-packages'.
* tests/packages.scm ("transaction-upgrade-entry, zero upgrades")
("transaction-upgrade-entry, one upgrade")
("transaction-upgrade-entry, superseded package"): Adjust accordingly.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-15 | guix package: '--upgrade' preserves package order....Fixes <https://bugs.gnu.org/31142>.
Reported by Chris Marusich <cmmarusich@gmail.com>.
* guix/scripts/package.scm (options->installable)[upgraded]: Use 'fold'
instead of 'fold-right'. This reverts
eca16a3d1d9e6b2c064e0105c1015258bf2755f2.
* tests/guix-package-net.sh: Add 'guix package u' test.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-11 | services: Deprecate a few more service procedures....These procedures were already either undocumented (and de facto
deprecated) or documented as deprecated or redundant.
* gnu/services/base.scm (guix-service, guix-publish-service): Mark as
deprecated.
* gnu/services/mcron.scm (mcron-service): Likewise.
* gnu/services/networking.scm (tor-service): Likewise.
* doc/guix.texi (Scheduled Job Execution): Remove 'mcron-service' and
adjust example.
(Networking Services): Remove 'tor-service'.
* gnu/tests/base.scm (%mcron-os): Use 'mcron-service-type' instead of
'mcron-service'.
* gnu/tests/networking.scm (%tor-os): Use 'tor-service-type' instead of
'tor-service'.
* tests/guix-system.sh: Likewise.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-10 | guix: lint: Warn only if GitHub URI is not same as the package URI....* guix/scripts/lint.scm (check-github-url): Warn only if the GitHub URI
obtained after following redirects is not same as the original URI.
* tests/lint.scm ("github-url: already the correct github url"): New test.
| Arun Isaac |
2019-01-09 | Remove most uses of the _IO*F constants....These constants, for use with 'setvbuf', were deprecated in Guile 2.2
and disappeared in Guile 3.0. Here we keep these constants in
build-side code where removing them is not feasible.
* guix/build/download-nar.scm (download-nar): Adjust 'setvbuf' calls to
the Guile 2.2+ API.
* guix/build/download.scm (open-socket-for-uri): Likewise.
(open-connection-for-uri, url-fetch): Likewise.
* guix/build/make-bootstrap.scm (make-stripped-libc): Likewise.
* guix/build/union.scm (setvbuf) [guile-2.0]: New conditional wrapper.
(union-build): Adjust to new API.
* guix/ftp-client.scm (ftp-open, ftp-list, ftp-retr): Likewise.
* guix/http-client.scm (http-fetch): Likewise.
* guix/inferior.scm (proxy): Likewise.
* guix/scripts/substitute.scm (fetch, http-multiple-get): Likewise.
* guix/self.scm (compiled-modules): Likewise.
* guix/ssh.scm (remote-daemon-channel, store-import-channel)
(store-export-channel): Likewise.
* guix/ui.scm (initialize-guix): Likewise.
* tests/publish.scm (http-get-port): Likewise.
* guix/store.scm (%newlines): Adjust comment.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-09 | maint: Remove 'cond-expand' forms for Guile 2.0....Note: Leave 'cond-expand' forms used in the build-side modules that can
run on %BOOTSTRAP-GUILE, which is currently Guile 2.0.
* guix/build/compile.scm: Move 'use-modules' clause from 'cond-expand'
to 'define-module' form.
(%default-optimizations): Remove 'cond-expand'.
* guix/build/download.scm (tls-wrap): Remove 'cond-expand'.
* guix/build/syscalls.scm: Remove 'cond-expand' form around
'%set-automatic-finalization-enabled?!' and
'without-automatic-finalization'.
* guix/inferior.scm (port->inferior): Remove 'cond-expand'.
* guix/scripts/pack.scm (wrapped-package)[build]: Remove 'cond-expand'.
* guix/status.scm (build-event-output-port): Remove 'cond-expand'.
* guix/store.scm (open-inet-socket): Remove 'cond-expand'.
* guix/ui.scm (install-locale): Remove 'cond-expand'.
* tests/status.scm ("current-build-output-port, UTF-8 + garbage"):
Remove 'cond-expand'.
* tests/store.scm ("current-build-output-port, UTF-8 + garbage"):
Remove 'cond-expand'.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2019-01-05 | gexp: Lowering a <computed-file> honors SYSTEM and TARGET....* guix/gexp.scm (computed-file-compiler): Pass #:system and #:target to
'gexp->derivation'.
* tests/gexp.scm ("lower-object, computed-file, #:system"): New test.
| Ludovic Courtès |
2018-12-27 | lint: Check for unstable tarballs....* guix/scripts/lint.scm (check-source-unstable-tarball): New procedure.
(%checkers): Add it.
* tests/lint.scm ("source-unstable-tarball", "source-unstable-tarball:
source #f", "source-unstable-tarball: valid", "source-unstable-tarball:
package named archive", "source-unstable-tarball: not-github",
"source-unstable-tarball: git-fetch"): New tests.
* doc/guix.texi (Invoking guix lint): Document it.
| Efraim Flashner |