path: root/gnu/build/hurd-boot.scm

;;; GNU Guix --- Functional package management for GNU
;;; Copyright © 2020-2022 Ludovic Courtès <ludo@gnu.org>
;;; Copyright © 2020, 2023 Janneke Nieuwenhuizen <janneke@gnu.org>
;;;
;;; This file is part of GNU Guix.
;;;
;;; GNU Guix is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
;;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at
;;; your option) any later version.
;;;
;;; GNU Guix is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
;;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
;;; GNU General Public License for more details.
;;;
;;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;;; along with GNU Guix.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

(define-module (gnu build hurd-boot)
  #:use-module (system repl error-handling)
  #:autoload   (system repl repl) (start-repl)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-1)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-26)
  #:use-module (ice-9 match)
  #:use-module (guix build utils)
  #:use-module ((guix build syscalls)
                #:hide (file-system-type))
  #:export (make-hurd-device-nodes
            boot-hurd-system))

;;; Commentary:
;;;
;;; Utility procedures useful to boot a Hurd system.
;;;
;;; Code:

;; XXX FIXME c&p from linux-boot.scm
(define (find-long-option option arguments)
  "Find OPTION among ARGUMENTS, where OPTION is something like \"--load\".
Return the value associated with OPTION, or #f on failure."
  (let ((opt (string-append option "=")))
    (and=> (find (cut string-prefix? opt <>)
                 arguments)
           (lambda (arg)
             (substring arg (+ 1 (string-index arg #\=)))))))

;; XXX FIXME c&p from guix/utils.scm
(define (readlink* file)
  "Call 'readlink' until the result is not a symlink."
  (define %max-symlink-depth 50)

  (let loop ((file  file)
             (depth 0))
    (define (absolute target)
      (if (absolute-file-name? target)
          target
          (string-append (dirname file) "/" target)))

    (if (>= depth %max-symlink-depth)
        file
        (call-with-values
            (lambda ()
              (catch 'system-error
                (lambda ()
                  (values #t (readlink file)))
                (lambda args
                  (let ((errno (system-error-errno args)))
                    (if (or (= errno EINVAL))
                        (values #f file)
                        (apply throw args))))))
          (lambda (success? target)
            (if success?
                (loop (absolute target) (+ depth 1))
                file))))))

(define* (make-hurd-device-nodes #:optional (root "/"))
  "Make some of the nodes needed on GNU/Hurd."
  (define (scope dir)
    (string-append root (if (string-suffix? "/" root) "" "/") dir))

  (mkdir (scope "dev"))
  ;; Don't create /dev/null etc just yet; the store
  ;; messes-up the permission bits.
  ;; Don't create /dev/console, /dev/vcs, etc.: they are created by
  ;; console-run on first boot.

  (mkdir (scope "servers"))
  (for-each (lambda (file)
              (call-with-output-file (scope (string-append "servers/" file))
                (lambda (port)
                  (display file port)   ;avoid hard-linking
                  (chmod port #o444))))
            '("startup"
              "exec"
              "proc"
              "password"
              "default-pager"
              "crash-dump-core"
              "kill"
              "suspend"))

  (mkdir (scope "servers/socket"))
  ;; Don't create /servers/socket/1 & co: runsystem does that on first boot.

  ;; TODO: Set the 'gnu.translator' extended attribute for passive translator
  ;; settings?
  (mkdir-p (scope "servers/bus/pci")))

(define (passive-translator-xattr? file-name)
  "Return true if FILE-NAME has an extended @code{gnu.translator} attribute
set."
  (catch 'system-error
    (lambda _ (not (string-null? (getxattr file-name "gnu.translator"))))
    (lambda args
      (if (= ENODATA (system-error-errno args))
          #f
          (apply throw args)))))

(define (passive-translator-installed? file-name)
  "Return true if @file{showtrans} finds a translator installed on FILE-NAME."
  (with-output-to-port (%make-void-port "w")
    (lambda _
      (with-error-to-port (%make-void-port "w")
        (lambda _
          (zero? (system* "showtrans" "--silent" file-name)))))))

(define (translated? file-name)
  "Return true if a translator is installed on FILE-NAME."
  ;; On GNU/Hurd, 'getxattr' in glibc opens the file without O_NOTRANS, and
  ;; then, for "gnu.translator", it calls 'file_get_translator', resulting in
  ;; EOPNOTSUPP (conversely, 'showtrans' opens the file with O_NOTRANS).
  (if (string-contains %host-type "linux-gnu")
      (passive-translator-xattr? file-name)
      (passive-translator-installed? file-name)))

(define* (set-translator file-name command #:optional (mode #o600))
  "Setup translator COMMAND on FILE-NAME."
  (unless (translated? file-name)
    (let ((dir (dirname file-name)))
      (unless (directory-exists? dir)
        (mkdir-p dir))
      (unless (file-exists? file-name)
        (call-with-output-file file-name
          (lambda (port)
            (display file-name port)  ;avoid hard-linking
            (chmod port mode)))))
    (catch 'system-error
      (lambda _
        (setxattr file-name "gnu.translator" (string-join command "\0" 'suffix)))
      (lambda (key . args)
        (let ((errno (system-error-errno (cons key args))))
          (format (current-error-port) "~a: ~a\n"
                  (strerror errno) file-name)
          (format (current-error-port) "Ignoring...Good Luck!\n"))))))

(define-syntax-rule (false-if-EEXIST exp)
  "Evaluate EXP but return #f if it raises to 'system-error with EEXIST."
  (catch 'system-error
    (lambda () exp)
    (lambda args
      (if (= EEXIST (system-error-errno args))
          #f
          (apply throw args)))))

(define* (set-hurd-device-translators #:optional (root "/"))
  "Make some of the device nodes needed on GNU/Hurd."

  (define (scope dir)
    (string-append root (if (string-suffix? "/" root) "" "/") dir))

  (define scope-set-translator
    (match-lambda
      ((file-name command)
       (scope-set-translator (list file-name command #o600)))
      ((file-name command mode)
       (let ((mount-point (scope file-name)))
         (set-translator mount-point command mode)))))

  (define (mkdir* dir)
    (let ((dir (scope dir)))
     (unless (file-exists? dir)
       (mkdir-p dir))))

  (define servers
    '(("servers/bus/pci"         ("/hurd/pci-arbiter"))
      ("servers/crash-dump-core" ("/hurd/crash" "--dump-core"))
      ("servers/crash-kill"      ("/hurd/crash" "--kill"))
      ("servers/crash-suspend"   ("/hurd/crash" "--suspend"))
      ("servers/password"        ("/hurd/password"))
      ("servers/socket/1"        ("/hurd/pflocal"))
      ;; /servers/socket/2 and /26 are created by 'static-networking-service'.
      ;; XXX: Spawn pfinet without arguments on these nodes so that a DHCP
      ;; client has someone to talk to?
      ("proc"                    ("/hurd/procfs" "--stat-mode=444"))))

  (define devices
    `(("dev/full"    ("/hurd/null"     "--full")            #o666)
      ("dev/null"    ("/hurd/null")                         #o666)
      ("dev/random"  ("/hurd/random"   "--seed-file" "/var/lib/random-seed")
                                                            #o644)
      ("dev/zero"    ("/hurd/storeio"  "--store-type=zero") #o666)

      ("dev/console" ("/hurd/term"     "/dev/console" "device" "console"))

      ("dev/klog"    ("/hurd/streamio" "kmsg"))
      ("dev/mem"     ("/hurd/storeio"  "--no-cache" "mem")  #o660)
      ("dev/shm"     ("/hurd/tmpfs"    "--mode=1777" "50%") #o644)
      ("dev/time"    ("/hurd/storeio"  "--no-cache" "time") #o644)

      ("dev/vcs"     ("/hurd/console"))
      ("dev/tty"     ("/hurd/magic"    "tty")               #o666)

      ;; 'fd_to_filename' in libc expects it.
      ("dev/fd"      ("/hurd/magic"    "--directory" "fd")  #o555)

      ("dev/rumpdisk" ("/hurd/rumpdisk")                    #o660)
      ("dev/netdde"  ("/hurd/netdde")                       #o660)
      ("dev/eth0"    ("/hurd/devnode" "--master-device=/dev/net"
                      "eth0")
                                                            #o660)
      ("dev/eth1"    ("/hurd/devnode" "--master-device=/dev/net"
                      "eth1")
                                                            #o660)

      ;; Create a number of ttys; syslogd writes to tty12 by default.
      ;; FIXME: Creating /dev/tty12 leads the console client to switch to
      ;; tty12 when syslogd starts, which is confusing for users.  Thus, do
      ;; not create tty12.
      ,@(map (lambda (n)
               (let ((n (number->string n)))
                 `(,(string-append "dev/tty" n)
                   ("/hurd/term" ,(string-append "/dev/tty" n)
                    "hurdio" ,(string-append "/dev/vcs/" n "/console"))
                   #o666)))
             (iota 11 1))

      ,@(append-map (lambda (n)
                      (let ((n (number->string n)))
                        `((,(string-append "dev/ptyp" n)
                           ("/hurd/term" ,(string-append "/dev/ptyp" n)
                            "pty-master" ,(string-append "/dev/ttyp" n))
                           #o666)

                          (,(string-append "dev/ttyp" n)
                           ("/hurd/term" ,(string-append "/dev/ttyp" n)
                            "pty-slave" ,(string-append "/dev/ptyp" n))
                           #o666))))
                    (iota 10 0))
      ,@(append-map (lambda (n)
                      (let* ((n (number->string n))
                             (disk (string-append "hd" n))
                             (drive (string-append "dev/" disk)))
                        `((,drive ("/hurd/storeio" ,disk) #o600)
                          ,@(map (lambda (p)
                                   (let ((p (number->string p)))
                                     `(,(string-append drive "s" p)
                                       ("/hurd/storeio"
                                        ,(string-append disk "s" p))
                                       #o660)))
                                 (iota 4 1)))))
                    (iota 4 0))
      ,@(append-map (lambda (n)
                      (let* ((n (number->string n))
                             (drive (string-append "dev/wd" n))
                             (disk (string-append "@/dev/disk:wd" n)))
                        `((,drive ("/hurd/storeio" ,disk) #o600)
                          ,@(map (lambda (p)
                                   (let ((p (number->string p)))
                                     `(,(string-append drive "s" p)
                                       ("/hurd/storeio"
                                        "--store-type=typed"
                                        ,(string-append
                                          "part:" p ":device:" disk))
                                       #o660)))
                                 (iota 4 1)))))
                    (iota 4 0))))

  (for-each scope-set-translator servers)
  (mkdir* "dev/vcs/1")
  (mkdir* "dev/vcs/2")
  (rename-file (scope "dev/console") (scope "dev/console-"))
  (for-each scope-set-translator devices)

  (false-if-EEXIST (symlink "/dev/random" (scope "dev/urandom")))
  (false-if-EEXIST (symlink "/dev/fd/0" (scope "dev/stdin")))
  (false-if-EEXIST (symlink "/dev/fd/1" (scope "dev/stdout")))
  (false-if-EEXIST (symlink "/dev/fd/2" (scope "dev/stderr")))
  (false-if-EEXIST (symlink "crash-dump-core" (scope "servers/crash")))
  (false-if-EEXIST (symlink "/dev/rumpdisk" (scope "dev/disk")))
  (false-if-EEXIST (symlink "/dev/netdde" (scope "dev/net")))
  (false-if-EEXIST (symlink "/servers/socket/2" (scope "servers/socket/inet")))
  (false-if-EEXIST (symlink "/servers/socket/26" (scope "servers/socket/inet6")))

  ;; Make sure /etc/mtab is a symlink to /proc/mounts.
  (false-if-exception (delete-file (scope "etc/mtab")))
  (mkdir* (scope "etc"))
  (symlink "/proc/mounts" (scope "etc/mtab")))


(define* (boot-hurd-system #:key (on-error 'debug))
  "This procedure is meant to be called from an early RC script.

Install the relevant passive translators on the first boot.  Then, run system
activation by using the kernel command-line options 'gnu.system' and 'gnu.load';
starting the Shepherd.

XXX TODO: see linux-boot.scm:boot-system.
XXX TODO: add proper file-system checking, mounting
XXX TODO: move bits to (new?) (hurd?) (activation?) services
XXX TODO: use Linux xattr/setxattr to remove (settrans in) /libexec/RUNSYSTEM

"

  (display "Welcome, this is GNU's early boot Guile.\n")
  (display "Use 'gnu.repl' for an initrd REPL.\n\n")

  (call-with-error-handling
   (lambda ()

     (let* ((args    (command-line))
            (system  (find-long-option "gnu.system" args))
            (to-load (find-long-option "gnu.load" args)))

       (false-if-exception (delete-file "/hurd"))
       (let ((hurd/hurd (readlink* (string-append system "/profile/hurd"))))
         (symlink hurd/hurd "/hurd"))

       (format #t "Setting-up essential translators...\n")
       (setenv "PATH" (string-append system "/profile/bin"))
       (set-hurd-device-translators)

       (format #t "Starting pager...\n")
       (unless (zero? (system* "/hurd/mach-defpager"))
         (format #t "FAILED...Good luck!\n"))

       (cond ((member "gnu.repl" args)
              (format #t "Starting repl...\n")
              (start-repl))
             (to-load
              (format #t "loading '~a'...\n" to-load)
              (primitive-load to-load)
              (format (current-error-port)
                      "boot program '~a' terminated, rebooting~%"
                      to-load)
              (sleep 2)
              (reboot))
             (else
              (display "no boot file passed via 'gnu.load'\n")
              (display "entering a warm and cozy REPL\n")
              (start-repl)))))
   #:on-error on-error))

;;; hurd-boot.scm ends here